India is one of the key regions of the world experiencing exceedingly drought and high-temperature spikes. The occurrence of heatwaves during drought have implications across sectors, particularly crop production and human health and morbidity. With climate change, shifts in growth temperatures and extremes temperatures during critical developmental stages has been shown to impact crop yield (Lobell et al., 2013). The idea of drought as the singular factor affecting yield has to evolve to paradigms of incorporating heat induced damages that are largely ignored. This exchange aims to develop indices of water deficit and temperature extremes to understand the trends in frequency and intensity of drought and heatwave. Bringing together institutions such as IITM, Pune, IISc, and expertise from Leeds University UK, this visit will help bring together climatologists and ecophysiologists across India and UK